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15 years ago
If you intend on creating a lot of custom exceptions, you may find this code useful.  I've created an interface and an abstract exception class that ensures that all parts of the built-in Exception class are preserved in child classes.  It also properly pushes all information back to the parent constructor ensuring that nothing is lost.  This allows you to quickly create new exceptions on the fly.  It also overrides the default __toString method with a more thorough one.

<?php
interface IException
{
    /* Protected methods inherited from Exception class */
    public function getMessage();                 // Exception message 
    public function getCode();                    // User-defined Exception code
    public function getFile();                    // Source filename
    public function getLine();                    // Source line
    public function getTrace();                   // An array of the backtrace()
    public function getTraceAsString();           // Formated string of trace
    
    /* Overrideable methods inherited from Exception class */
    public function __toString();                 // formated string for display
    public function __construct($message = null, $code = 0);
}

abstract class CustomException extends Exception implements IException
{
    protected $message = 'Unknown exception';     // Exception message
    private   $string;                            // Unknown
    protected $code    = 0;                       // User-defined exception code
    protected $file;                              // Source filename of exception
    protected $line;                              // Source line of exception
    private   $trace;                             // Unknown

    public function __construct($message = null, $code = 0)
    {
        if (!$message) {
            throw new $this('Unknown '. get_class($this));
        }
        parent::__construct($message, $code);
    }
    
    public function __toString()
    {
        return get_class($this) . " '{$this->message}' in {$this->file}({$this->line})\n"
                                . "{$this->getTraceAsString()}";
    }
}
?>

Now you can create new exceptions in one line:

<?php
class TestException extends CustomException {}
?>

Here's a test that shows that all information is properly preserved throughout the backtrace.

<?php
function exceptionTest()
{
    try {
        throw new TestException();
    }
    catch (TestException $e) {
        echo "Caught TestException ('{$e->getMessage()}')\n{$e}\n";
    }
    catch (Exception $e) {
        echo "Caught Exception ('{$e->getMessage()}')\n{$e}\n";
    }
}

echo '<pre>' . exceptionTest() . '</pre>';
?>

Here's a sample output:

Caught TestException ('Unknown TestException')
TestException 'Unknown TestException' in C:\xampp\htdocs\CustomException\CustomException.php(31)
#0 C:\xampp\htdocs\CustomException\ExceptionTest.php(19): CustomException->__construct()
#1 C:\xampp\htdocs\CustomException\ExceptionTest.php(43): exceptionTest()
#2 {main}
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